Basic Programs in C, C , and Java: A Comprehensive Guide

As a seasoned SEO professional at Google, I have compiled a list of essential programming exercises that can be implemented in C, C , and Java. These programs serve as building blocks for understanding the core concepts of programming languages such as basic data handling, algorithms, and problem-solving techniques.

1. Verify if a number is even or odd

This simple program checks whether a given number is even or odd. It uses a simple modulus operator to determine the remainder when the number is divided by 2.

2. Check if a number is prime or not

A prime number check is a fundamental exercise in calculating. This program determines if a number is a prime number by checking divisibility rules.

3. Generate prime numbers between a given range

This program generates all prime numbers between two given integers. It utilizes a loop to iterate through the range and applies the prime number check.

4. Calculate the sum of digits of a number

This function takes an integer as input and calculates the sum of its digits. It uses the modulus operator and integer division to perform the calculation recursively.

5. Reverse a number

This basic program reverses a given number using modulo and integer division operations. It repeatedly extracts the last digit and builds the reversed number.

6. Swap two numbers using only two variables

A simple and clever way to swap two numbers without using a temporary variable. It uses arithmetic operations such as addition and subtraction to exchange the values.

7. Print the factorial of a number

The factorial of a number is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to the number. This program calculates and prints the factorial using recursion or iteration.

8. Print the Fibonacci series

The Fibonacci sequence is a classic example of a recursive function. This program generates a certain number of terms in the Fibonacci series using either recursion or iteration.

9. Check if a number is a palindrome or not

A palindrome is a number or string that reads the same backward as forward. This program checks if a given number is a palindrome by comparing the digit sequence.

10. Check if a number is an Armstrong number or not

An Armstrong number is a number that is equal to the sum of its own digits each raised to the power of the number of digits. This program determines if a given number is an Armstrong number through a series of calculations.

11. Implement sorting algorithms (Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort)

These sorting algorithms are fundamental in computer science. This section covers the implementation of Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, and Insertion Sort to sort arrays of integers.

12. Demonstrate the use of pre and post increment operators

Learning to use pre and post increment operators is crucial for understanding how to manipulate variables in various operations. This exercise showcases both.

13. Print the roots of a quadratic equation

This program calculates and prints the roots of a quadratic equation using the quadratic formula. It handles both real and complex roots based on the discriminant.

14. Determine if a given year is a leap year or not

A leap year is a calendar year containing an additional day. This program checks if a given year is a leap year, applying the standard rules for leap years.

15. Concatenate two strings

This simple string manipulation operation concatenates two given strings together. It can be implemented using string concatenation functions or character array operations.

16. Reverse a string using a recursive algorithm

This program reverses a given string using a recursive function, demonstrating the use of recursion in problem-solving.

17. Print Floyd's triangle

Floyd's triangle is a right-angled triangular array of natural numbers. This program prints Floyd's triangle using nested loops.

18. Implement search and sort algorithms (Linear Search, Binary Search)

This section covers the implementation of linear search and binary search techniques to find elements in an array and to sort arrays, respectively.

19. Determine if a given number in an array is a duplicate

This program checks if a given number appears more than once in an array, using various data structures for efficient searching.

20. Create a class to add two complex numbers in C/C

C/C support object-oriented programming, and this example demonstrates how to create a class for complex numbers and add them together.

Additional Exercises

Beyond these exercises, the following additional problems are also important for the students:

B. Palindrome

Check if a given number or string is a palindrome using string manipulation techniques.

C. Print even numbers only

This program prints even numbers from a range of integers, enhancing number handling skills.

D. List prime numbers

Create a list of all prime numbers within a given range, utilizing prime number checking logic.

E. Create a class for printing employee details in Java

Object-oriented programming is crucial, and this exercise helps in understanding class creation, constructors, and member functions in Java.

F. Create a BMI calculator

This program calculates the Body Mass Index (BMI) given a person's height and weight, introducing basic arithmetic operations and input handling.

G. Create an arithmetic calculator

This program performs arithmetic operations based on user input, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, enhancing basic arithmetic skills.

H. Matrix multiplication

This exercise deals with matrix multiplication, a fundamental operation in linear algebra and useful in various applications.

I. Calculate GPA

Grading Point Average (GPA) calculation using marks, demonstrating the application of arithmetic operations and conditional logic.

J. Determine Armstrong number

This sample problem checks if a given number is an Armstrong number, introducing more complex number handling and logic.

K. Print the Fibonacci series

A continuation of the Fibonacci series, this exercise is particularly useful for practicing recursion or iteration techniques.

L. Find the biggest number among three numbers

This program finds the maximum among three numbers, reinforcing basic comparison and selection operations.

M. Search, sort, insertion, and deletion in an array

These operations are fundamental in data handling and are crucial for understanding basic data structures and algorithms.

N. Convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit

This program converts temperature values from Celsius to Fahrenheit, demonstrating unit conversion and arithmetic operations.

O. Accept command-line arguments and print in Java

This exercise teaches the use of command-line arguments in Java, enhancing the user interface and input handling skills.

P. Find if a given number is a perfect square

Determine if a given integer is a perfect square, introducing more advanced mathematical logic.

Q. Reverse a string

Another string manipulation exercise that reverses a given string, showcasing different methods of string handling and manipulation.

R. Count the occurrences of alphabets from A to Z in a sentence

This program counts the frequency of each letter in a given sentence, using character arrays or string manipulations.