Guns and Ammo: How the Popularity of 45ACP, 40SW, and 9mm Handguns Has Evolved

The revolver calibers 45ACP and 40SW have seen declining popularity in recent years, while the 9mm has gained significant traction, driven by increased affordability and easier handling for new shooters. This article delves into the factors that have influenced the trend and the future prospects for each of these most popular handgun calibers in the United States.

Evolution of Popularity

The 40 SW and 45ACP have dominated the gun market for decades, but recently, there has been a noticeable shift in consumer preferences. The 40 SW is seeing a gradual decline, much like the 38 Special and 357 Magnum before it. While it is no longer favored by law enforcement agencies like the FBI, which moved to 9mm, a significant number of civilians remain loyal to the 40 SW. However, due to the industry’s shift toward polymer-frame handguns and the general rise in quality self-defense ammunition, the 40 SW is likely to see continued decline.

The 9mm: A Rising Star

In stark contrast, the 9mm has experienced a massive surge in popularity. Several factors contribute to this trend:

Cost-Effective Ammunition: 9mm ammunition is significantly cheaper compared to 45ACP and 40SW. Easier Handling: Newer shooters find 9mm easier to handle, making it a better choice for them. Higher Capacity: Due to its size, 9mm handguns can hold more ammunition than their 45ACP and 40SW counterparts. Self-Defense Performance: Self-defense ammunition for 9mm performs similarly to 45ACP and 40SW, making it a viable option for various users.

Historical Background and Performance

The 9mm was invented in 1902, followed by the 45ACP in 1904, and the 40SW in 1990. Historically, the 45ACP was immensely popular in the US due to its long-standing use in military and law enforcement. However, this popularity waned in the 1990s when police departments started adopting the 9mm. The 40SW, while a good cartridge, is challenging for many shooters, particularly compared to the 9mm and 45ACP.

Recoil and Performance

The 45ACP is favored in some specialized applications due to its high recoil and pressure, which can be advantageous in certain shooting scenarios. However, the 40SW, with its 35000-38000 PSI pressure, is known for its sharp recoil, which is a significant factor in its declining preference. In contrast, the 9mm, with pressures up to 40000 PSI, offers a lighter bullet (115 grain or 124 grain) compared to the standard 40SW's 180 grain bullet. Moreover, the 9mm offers many subsonic loads that shoot a 147-150 grain bullet at about 900 feet per second, which are increasingly favored by law enforcement, governments, and civilians due to their cost-effectiveness and handling ease.

Global Market Trends

On a global scale, the 9mm vastly outsells the 40SW and 45ACP. The ease of handling, affordability, and magazine capacity make it a preferred choice. The 40SW may become less popular in the future because it offers capabilities that are already surpassed by the 9mm, combined with less recoil and cost. The 45ACP, however, with its special hot loads, remains effective for animals like wild pigs, particularly with heavier bullets like the 230 and 255-260 grain at plus P pressures reaching about 23000 PSI. Therefore, while the 45ACP is likely to persist in some niche markets, the 40SW may struggle to maintain its relevance unless it offers unique benefits that the 9mm cannot.

Conclusion

The evolution of handgun calibers in the US reflects changing consumer preferences and technological advancements. While the 45ACP and 40SW have been stalwarts for decades, the 9mm's rise to prominence signals a shift towards more practical, cost-effective, and user-friendly options. As technology and market trends continue to evolve, the future of firearm calibers remains an ever-changing landscape.