Understanding and Determining LTL Freight Class

When it comes to shipping small quantities of freight with less-than-truckload (LTL) services, understanding the freight class is crucial. This class not only affects the shipping cost but also influences service level and handling processes. In this article, we will explore the most common ways to determine the freight class for LTL shipments, including relying on freight forwarders and using NMFC classification resources.

How to Determine LTL Freight Class

The determination of LTL freight class involves several steps and considerations. The easiest and most reliable method is to consult with your freight forwarder. They are well-versed in various classification systems and can provide accurate and efficient class assignments for your shipments. However, if you do not have a freight forwarder, there are numerous online NMFC (National Motor Freight Classification) classification resources available to help you with this process.

Utilizing Freight Forwarders

Freight forwarders are like the experts in the world of LTL shipping. They have the knowledge and experience to accurately classify your shipments and ensure that the correct freight class is applied. By consulting with a freight forwarder, you can benefit from their expertise, which can save you time, money, and potential headaches related to incorrect classifications. Freight forwarders can also provide guidance on applicable service levels, rates, and special handling requirements.

Online NMFC Classification Resources

For those looking for a more hands-on approach, there are many online NMFC classification resources available. These tools and platforms can help you self-classify your shipments based on specific criteria. Here are some key factors to consider when using these resources:

Dimensions: Measure the length, width, and height of your shipment to ensure it fits the appropriate NMFC criteria. Weight: Weigh your shipment to determine its weight class, which is a critical factor in the NMFC system. Commodity Type: Identify the type of commodity being shipped, as different items may fall into different classes. Handling Characteristics: Consider the ease or difficulty of handling the shipment. Special handling may increase the class. Potential Hazards: If the shipment contains hazardous materials, it will automatically be classified in a higher category.

For example, a pallet measuring 448 inches by 54 inches, weighing less than 500 pounds, typically falls under the minimum charge per company tariff. However, if the shipment contains hazardous materials (Hazmat), perishable items, or has other specific handling requirements, the freight class will increase, leading to higher rates.

Interpreting LTL Freight Class Codes

Freight classes are represented by a four-digit number ranging from 50 to 250. The lower the number, the lower the transportation cost, and the easier the handling and stowage process. Conversely, higher numbers indicate more expensive transportation and handling. Let's break down the typical values:

Class 50: This is the lowest possible classification and is reserved for items that are very light and easily handled, such as air cargo. Class 55-125: This is the most common range for standard LTL shipments. It includes items that are generally handled without restrictions. Class 126-150: These items are more difficult to handle, may require special equipment, or have unique stowage requirements. Class 151-170: Items in this class may be breakable, bulky, or have other challenges that increase handling and transportation costs. Class 170-250: This is the highest classification, typically reserved for items that are very difficult to handle, especially large and irregularly shaped goods that require special care and equipment.

Conclusion

Understanding and correctly determining the LTL freight class is essential for efficient and cost-effective shipping. Whether you choose to rely on your freight forwarder or use online resources, it is important to ensure that your shipments are correctly classified. This not only helps in accurately estimating shipping costs but also ensures that your goods receive the appropriate level of attention and care during transit.

By leveraging the expertise of your freight forwarder or utilizing NMFC resources, you can confidently navigate the complexities of LTL freight classes. Stay informed, stay organized, and optimize your shipping processes for better logistical outcomes.

Keywords: LTL freight class, NMFC classification, freight forwarder