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Unraveling the Mysteries: How to Distinguish Between Bucks and Does in Whitetail Deer
Unraveling the Mysteries: How to Distinguish Between Bucks and Does in Whitetail Deer
One of the less-documented mysteries of the natural world revolves around telling the difference between bucks and does in whitetail deer. Unlike domesticated cattle where almost any adult individual can have horns, whitetail deer exhibit distinct characteristics that can be observed to differentiate between the sexes. This article explores various methods of telling bucks apart from does, both visually and through behavioral cues.
Antlers: A Buck’s Feature
The most prominent and universally recognized difference between bucks and does in whitetail deer is the presence of antlers on the bucks. During the spring, around April, bucks will begin to grow their antlers, a process that continues until December or later. The health, genetics, and diet of the deer play a crucial role in the duration and growth of these antlers. Even in the absence of antlers, certain physical characteristics can help identify a buck or a doe.
Behavioral Cues and Genitalia
Beyond the physical differences, bucks and does exhibit distinct behaviors that can aid in their identification. One notable characteristic is that bucks have visible genetalia, a feature that becomes particularly pronounced during the fall breeding season. Additionally, bucks’ tendency to smell strongly in the fall can sometimes alert hunters to their presence.
Physical and Behavioral Clues
Tracks: The differences in tracks can provide tell-tale signs. Doe tracks are more closely pointed, whereas buck tracks tend to be wider and may indicate a trailing gait. The doe typically lifts its feet whilst moving, leaving behind a more ordered track, in contrast to the buck which tends to drag its feet.
Beds: Bed locations can also be indicative. Single beds may belong to bucks, while numerous beds could be a clue to does. Bucks are often solitary and are frequently found alone, while does tend to travel in groups, indicating their social behavior.
Head Shape: Examining the head shape provides another method of distinction. Bucks generally have a shorter snout and neck compared to does, and the adult doe often has a more rounded head between the ears. Young bucks may have a flatter-headed appearance.
Smelling and Stalking: Bucks tend to have a more pronounced scent, especially during the fall, making it easier to track them. Bucks also walk with a wider gait, leaving parallel lines of tracks, while does tend to walk in a nearly straight line.
Snorting: In situations where a deer herd is startled, bucks and does react differently. A single deep snort is usually a sign of a buck, while multiple snorts over a period of minutes indicate a doe. Bucks tend to travel alone and retreat quickly, whereas does, traveling in a matriarchal herd, will warn others of potential danger.
Alert Behavior: When detected, does will use their limited binocular vision to confront the threat, turning their nose in the direction of the potential danger. Bucks, on the other hand, might confront the threat broadside, showcasing their bulk as a display of dominance and capability.
Understanding these distinctions can be crucial for hunters and wildlife enthusiasts hoping to observe or identify whitetail deer accurately. Whether through visual or behavioral cues, the knowledge of how to tell the difference between bucks and does can enhance one's appreciation and understanding of these fascinating creatures.